Thermal performance of green envelopes in buildings in the Brazilian southeast

The evaluation of the thermal performance of buildings using green roofs, living walls or green walls as envelope protection elements is a very important tool for architects and engineers to minimize heat gain, provide better thermal condition and improve thermal performance. This paper presents three different studies of thermal performance of buildings with green cover: 1) a case study of a green roof, 2) an experimental study of a living wall, and 3) a case study of a green wall; all of which include comparative and concurrent measurements between exposed surfaces and surfaces protected by vegetation. The parameters measured were air temperature, relative humidity, air speed and mean radiant temperature, as well as the inner and outer temperature of the walls. Those analyses led to the conclusion that the use of vegetation as a protection element on roofs and façades acts positively on the heat flows in the envelope, representing an important tool for passive thermal control of high temperatures inside the buildings.A avaliação do desempenho térmico de edificações que utilizam coberturas verdes, paredes vivas ou paredes verdes como elemento de proteção da envoltória é um campo de grande importância para os profissionais de arquitetura e engenharia, por minimizar o ganho de calor, proporcionar melhor condição térmica e aprimorar seu desempenho. Este trabalho apresenta três diferentes estudos de desempenho térmico com revestimentos vegetais: 1) um estudo de caso com cobertura verde, 2) um estudo experimental com parede viva, e 3) um estudo de caso com parede verde, todos com medições comparativas e simultâneas entre superfícies expostas e protegidas pelo verde. Os parâmetros medidos foram temperatura, umidade relativa, velocidade do ar, temperatura radiante média e temperatura das superfícies internas e externas das envoltórias. Tais análises levaram à conclusão de que o uso da vegetação como elemento de proteção em coberturas e fachadas atua positivamente sobre os fluxos de calor na envoltória, representando uma importante ferramenta para o controle térmico passivo de altas temperaturas no interior das edificações.161718

Coronal microleakage of endodontically treated teeth with intracanal post exposed to fresh human saliva

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the coronal microleakage of endodontically treated teeth prepared to receive an intracanal post and teeth with an intracanal post but without a prosthetic crown and exposed to contamination by fresh human saliva. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A mechanical-chemical preparation following the step-back technique was carried out in 35 extracted single-rooted human teeth. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups: G1=root canals instrumented, obturated, and prepared to receive an intracanal post (N=10); G2=root canals with cemented posts but without coronal sealing (N=10); PC1=positive control root canals instrumented and open (N=5); PC2=positive control 2 root canals without instrumentation and open (N=5); and NC=negative control healthy teeth (N=5). The crowns were removed except for the control group of intact teeth. The root canals were obturated and sterilized with cobalt 60 gamma irradiation and were then adapted in an apparatus using a Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) medium and fresh human saliva for contamination. Microbial growth was indicated by the presence of turbidity in the BHI liquid medium. RESULTS: Data were submitted to the Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis and the Holm-Sidak statistic method, which observed an index of 90% of microleakage in root canals after 24 hours for G1 and 70% of microleakage in samples at the end of 40 days for G2. CONCLUSION: The results show that root canals with an intracanal post but without a prosthetic crown can be recontaminated when exposed to fresh human saliva in a short period

Weibull analysis of tensile tested piassava fibers with different diameters

Environmental considerations in addition to technical, economical and societal benefits are increasingly promoting the substitution of natural fibers for glass fiber in polymer matrix composites. However, natural fibers are heterogeneous in their dimensions, specially the cross section, which plays an important role in their mechanical strength. It has been found that the equivalent diameter of fibers such as sisal, ramie, pinea-pple and curaua correlates to different levels of tensile resistance. Piassava is a promising stiff natural fiber for composite reinforcement. In this work, a statistical analysis of tensile strength of piassava fibers using the Weibull methodology was performed. An attempt to correlate the fiber strength, obtained in tensile tests, with the diameter, precisely measured by means of a profile projector, was carried out. The results revealed an inverse dependence between the piassava fiber diameter and corresponding tensile strength. Fracture tip observation by SEM suggested a possible mechanism that could justify this inverse correlation.Keywords: piassava fiber, testing traction, strength/diameter correlation

Izod impact energy study of re-forced polisher matrix compounds with curaous fibers aligned and epoxy matrix reinforced with piassava fibers

Polymer matrix composites have been applied in components such as helmets and shielding for which tough-ness is a major requirement. Natural fiber presents interfacial characteristics with polymeric matrices that favor a high impact energy absorption by the composite structure. The objective of this work was then to assess the Izod impact resistance of polymeric composites reinforced with different amounts, up to 30% in volume, of a promising high strength natural fiber from the Amazon region known as curaua. Among these, the piassava fiber extracted from a palm tree native of South America stands as one of the most rigid with a potential to be used as composite reinforcement. Therefore, the present work investigates the notch toughness behavior, by Izod impact tests, of epoxy composites reinforced with up to 40 % in volume of continuous and aligned piassava fibers.The results showed a remarkable increase in the notch toughness with the amount of incorporated curaua fibers. This can be attributed to a preferential debonding of the fiber/matrix interface, which contributes to an elevated absorbed energy. . It was found that the incorporation of piassava fibers results in significant increase in the impact energy of the composite. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the nature of the piassava fiber interface with the epoxy matrix is the major responsible for the superior toughness of the composite.Keywords:Piassava, curauá, polymer matrix, epoxy matriz, Izo

Homens e cuidados de saúde em famílias empobrecidas na Amazônia

Investigamos o lugar do homem em relação aos cuidados com saúde, em famílias de baixa renda no contexto amazônico. Utilizamos 11 entrevistas com eles e suas famílias e com 21 profissionais de Saúde sobre eles e observação dos contextos em que vivem e dos processos de utilização e atendimento dos serviços. Os dados empíricos foram analisados em seu conteúdo sob a perspectiva cultural do holismo-individualismo. Verificamos que os homens cuidam predominantemente da saúde de si e da família a partir dos papéis socialmente tradicionais que lhes são atribuídos. O cuidado de si para eles é, em geral, emergencial, superficial e mediado pela mulher. Já o cuidado com os outros está voltado para o cumprimento do papel de provedor. Fogem desse padrão, homens em que predomina a cultura indígena e jovens com visão social e familiar mais moderna. Via de regra, os parentes reforçam as principais tendências culturais do comportamento masculino a respeito dos cuidados com a saúde. Os profissionais, por sua vez, tendem a desqualificar as reivindicações masculinas, buscando equivocadamente combater o machismo, e falham em reconhecer diferenças pautadas em repertórios culturais.We investigated the position of men in relation to health care in low-income families at the Amazon region. We completed 11 interviews with the men and their families and with 21 health care professionals responsible for them. We made observations of the contexts in which they live and of the use and provision of health service process. Data were analyzed from the perspective of cultural holism-individualism. We found that men tend to follow traditional social roles in managing their own and their family's health. Health care for themselves is usually emergency care, superficial and mediated by the woman. The man's care for others is primarily focused on fulfilling the role of provider. However, men dominated by indigenous culture and young men with more modern social and family views tend not to follow this pattern. As a rule, the parents reinforce the main cultural tendencies of male behaviour related to health care. The professionals, in turn, tend to dismiss male's claims, seeking mistakenly to combat sexism, and fail to recognize differences based on cultural repertoires

Desempenho térmico de envoltórias vegetadas em edificações no sudeste brasileiro

A avaliação do desempenho térmico de edificações que utilizam coberturas verdes, paredes vivas ou paredes verdes como elemento de proteção da envoltória é um campo de grande importância para os profissionais de arquitetura e engenharia, por minimizar o ganho de calor, proporcionar melhor condição térmica e aprimorar seu desempenho. Este trabalho apresenta três diferentes estudos de desempenho térmico com revestimentos vegetais: 1) um estudo de caso com cobertura verde, 2) um estudo experimental com parede viva, e 3) um estudo de caso com parede verde, todos com medições comparativas e simultâneas entre superfícies expostas e protegidas pelo verde. Os parâmetros medidos foram temperatura, umidade relativa, velocidade do ar, temperatura radiante média e temperatura das superfícies internas e externas das envoltórias. Tais análises levaram à conclusão de que o uso da vegetação como elemento de proteção em coberturas e fachadas atua positivamente sobre os fluxos de calor na envoltória, representando uma importante ferramenta para o controle térmico passivo de altas temperaturas no interior das edificações

Vivência de estudantes de graduação na Atenção Primária à Saúde: PET-Saúde/GraduaSUS

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar as experiências vivenciadas por um grupo tutorial do curso de graduação em Fisioterapia no primeiro ano do projeto. Foi realizado um Diagnóstico Situacional em uma Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de Governador Valadares/MG e por meio do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional, foi selecionado um problema para ser trabalhado. As experiências vividas colaboraram para a formação profissional adequada às necessidades do sistema de saúde vigente no país.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2020.ano7n12.p90-94.268

Intraoral molluscum contagiosum in a young immunocompetent patient

Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a contagious disease caused by a virus of the poxvirus family. In children, the disease commonly manifests as a variable number of discrete umbilicated papules on the face and trunk. In healthy and immunosuppressed adults, the disease appears on or near the genital organs and is often sexually transmitted. MC involving the intraoral mucosa has been documented but is rare. We report a case of MC involving the oral mucosa exclusively and discuss the main clinical, histopathologic, and therapeutic characteristics, comparing the findings with cases of this rare oral presentation described in the literatur

Family and Community Health Medical Residency Program for Hypertense Care

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the care provided to patients with systemic arterial hypertension by comparing the basic health units (BHU) of the municipality of Gurupi-TO with and without the family and community health residency program. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective research conducted in twelve BHUs. Project approved by the research ethics committee of the University of Gurupi, in which health servants answered the QualiAB assessment and monitoring instrument and the data were tested by the chi-square test to verify if there is a difference in care considering p≤5%. or 0,05. Of the 21 items analyzed, 14 obtained better levels in UBS with MRPFCH. Therefore, it is concluded that BHU with MRPFCH, as single health system policies, have better quality in the care of hypertension